SAT Math · Circles · medium

A circle has center (2, 3). A line is tangent to the circle at the point (2, 8). What is the slope of the tangent line?

A circle has center (2,3)(2, 3). A line is tangent to the circle at the point (2,8)(2, 8). What is the slope of the tangent line?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: 0

The radius from the center (2,3)(2, 3) to the point of tangency (2,8)(2, 8) is a vertical segment, since both points have the same xx-coordinate. A tangent line is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency, so the tangent is horizontal: the line y=8y = 8. A horizontal line has slope 0, choice A. Choice B (undefined) is the slope of the radius itself, which is vertical, so this confuses the radius and the tangent. Choices C (1) and D (−1-1) are slopes of diagonal lines, which do not follow from a vertical radius.

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