SAT Reading & Writing · Rhetorical Synthesis
A student has researched historical redlining and present-day urban temperatures and compiled the following notes: - In the 1930s, a…
A student has researched historical redlining and present-day urban temperatures and compiled the following notes:
- In the 1930s, a federal agency graded neighborhoods in many U.S. cities, with worse grades assigned to some neighborhoods based on discriminatory criteria.
- Areas that received worse historical grades often have less tree canopy today than other neighborhoods.
- Many of these same areas also have more paved, impervious surface today.
- Satellite temperature studies have found higher present-day surface temperatures in many formerly redlined neighborhoods.
- Urban development in these cities has continued for decades after the original 1930s maps were created.
- The strength of the association between historical grading and present-day heat varies from city to city.
The student wants to acknowledge that other factors besides the original 1930s grading likely contributed to today's temperature patterns. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
- In the 1930s, a federal agency graded neighborhoods in many U.S. cities, with worse grades assigned to some neighborhoods based on discriminatory criteria.
- Areas that received worse historical grades often have less tree canopy today than other neighborhoods.
- Many of these same areas also have more paved, impervious surface today.
- Satellite temperature studies have found higher present-day surface temperatures in many formerly redlined neighborhoods.
- Urban development in these cities has continued for decades after the original 1930s maps were created.
- The strength of the association between historical grading and present-day heat varies from city to city.
The student wants to acknowledge that other factors besides the original 1930s grading likely contributed to today's temperature patterns. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Answer and explanation
Answer: C: Because urban development in these cities has continued for decades after the original maps were created, and the strength of the association varies by city, factors beyond the original 1930s…
The goal specifically requires acknowledging additional contributing factors beyond the original grading, and C is the only choice that names both continued development over subsequent decades and city-to-city variation as evidence that other factors are involved. A, B, and D each describe a specific finding in the chain of association without addressing the broader question of what else might have contributed.
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