ACT Math · Ratios, rates, and percents

A car travels at 72 kilometers per hour. What is this speed in meters per second? (1 km = 1000 m, 1 hour = 3600 seconds)

A car travels at 72 kilometers per hour. What is this speed in meters per second? (1 km = 1000 m, 1 hour = 3600 seconds)

Answer and explanation

Answer: H: 20.0

Convert kilometers to meters and hours to seconds: 72 km/h=72⋅1000 m3600 s=72,0003600=2072\ \text{km/h}=\frac{72\cdot1000\ \text{m}}{3600\ \text{s}}=\frac{72{,}000}{3600}=20 m/s, choice H. A shortcut is that dividing km/h by 3.63.6 gives m/s, and 72÷3.6=2072\div3.6=20. Choice J (259.2259.2) multiplies by 3.63.6 instead of dividing, which is the conversion from m/s to km/h. Choice F (0.020.02) divides by 36003600 but forgets to multiply by 10001000. Choice G (2.02.0) is off by a factor of ten. Check by size: 2020 m/s for an hour is 72,00072{,}000 m, which is 7272 km.

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