ACT Math · Statistics and data analysis

A scatterplot has a correlation coefficient of r = -0.85. Which best describes the relationship?

A scatterplot has a correlation coefficient of r=−0.85r = -0.85. Which best describes the relationship?

Answer and explanation

Answer: H: A strong negative relationship

The correlation coefficient has two parts. Its sign shows direction: negative means that as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease. Its size shows strength: values near ±1\pm1 are strong and values near 00 are weak. Here r=−0.85r=-0.85 is negative and close to −1-1, so it is a strong negative relationship, choice H. Choice F has the wrong direction. Choice G has the right direction but calls 0.850.85 weak. Choice J (no relationship) would need rr near 00. Note that correlation does not prove one variable causes the other.

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