ACT Math · Coordinate geometry

A line passes through (2, 5) with slope 3/4. What is the slope of a line perpendicular to it?

A line passes through (2,5)(2, 5) with slope 34\dfrac{3}{4}. What is the slope of a line perpendicular to it?

Answer and explanation

Answer: C: -4/3

Perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals: their product is −1-1. The reciprocal of 34\frac{3}{4} is 43\frac{4}{3}, and changing the sign gives −43-\frac{4}{3}, choice C. Check: 34⋅(−43)=−1\frac{3}{4}\cdot\left(-\frac{4}{3}\right)=-1. Choice A (34\frac{3}{4}) is the slope of a parallel line. Choice B (43\frac{4}{3}) flips the fraction but forgets to change the sign. Choice D (−34-\frac{3}{4}) changes the sign but forgets to flip the fraction. The point (2,5)(2,5) is given but is not needed to find a perpendicular slope.

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