ACT Math · Function notation and transformations

If f(x) = 2x - 3 and g(x) = x² + 1, what is f(g(2))?

If f(x)=2x−3f(x) = 2x - 3 and g(x)=x2+1g(x) = x^2 + 1, what is f(g(2))f(g(2))?

Answer and explanation

Answer: D: 7

Work from the inside out. First evaluate the inner function: g(2)=22+1=5g(2)=2^2+1=5. Then feed that result into ff: f(5)=2(5)−3=7f(5)=2(5)-3=7, choice D. Choice A reverses the order of composition: f(2)=1f(2)=1 and then g(1)=2g(1)=2, which is g(f(2))g(f(2)) and not f(g(2))f(g(2)). Choice C drops the +1+1 in gg, using g(2)=4g(2)=4 and then f(4)=5f(4)=5. Choice B uses f(x)=2x+3f(x)=2x+3 instead of 2x−32x-3, giving f(5)=13f(5)=13. The notation f(g(2))f(g(2)) always means apply gg first, then ff to that result.

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