ACT Math · Function notation and transformations

A function is defined as f(x) = 2x+1 if x < 2, and f(x) = x²-3 if x ≥ 2. What is f(2) + f(-1)?

A function is defined as f(x)=2x+1f(x) = 2x+1 if x<2x < 2, and f(x)=x2−3f(x) = x^2-3 if x≥2x \geq 2. What is f(2)+f(−1)f(2) + f(-1)?

Answer and explanation

Answer: H: 0

A piecewise function uses the rule that matches each input. For x=2x=2, the condition x≥2x\ge2 applies, so f(2)=22−3=1f(2)=2^2-3=1. For x=−1x=-1, the condition x<2x<2 applies, so f(−1)=2(−1)+1=−1f(-1)=2(-1)+1=-1. The sum is 1+(−1)=01+(-1)=0, choice H. Choice J (44) uses the first rule for x=2x=2, giving f(2)=5f(2)=5, which ignores that 22 is not less than 22. Choices F (−2-2) and G (−1-1) come from arithmetic slips in f(2)f(2), such as writing 22−32^2-3 as −1-1 or −3-3; the correct value of f(2)f(2) is 11, not −1-1 or 00.

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