ACT Math · Quadratic functions and equations

What are all real solutions to x^4 - 13x² + 36 = 0?

What are all real solutions to x4−13x2+36=0x^4 - 13x^2 + 36 = 0?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: x = ± 2, ± 3

This equation is quadratic in form. Let u=x2u=x^2, so it becomes u2−13u+36=0u^2-13u+36=0, which factors as (u−4)(u−9)=0(u-4)(u-9)=0. Then u=4u=4 or u=9u=9. Since u=x2u=x^2, we get x2=4x^2=4, so x=±2x=\pm2, and x2=9x^2=9, so x=±3x=\pm3. All four values work, so the answer is x=±2,±3x=\pm2,\pm3, choice A. Choice B lists only the positive roots and misses that each square has two roots. Choice C (±4,±9\pm4,\pm9) gives the values of uu with the wrong signs and never takes the square root. Choice D (±6\pm6) would make x2=36x^2=36, which does not satisfy the equation. Check x=2x=2: 16−52+36=016-52+36=0.

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