SAT Math · Linear equations in two variables · medium

For the line y = 2x + b, if the value of b increases by 4, how does the line's x-intercept change?

For the line y=2x+by = 2x + b, if the value of bb increases by 4, how does the line's xx-intercept change?

Answer and explanation

Answer: B: It decreases by 2.

Find the xx-intercept by setting y=0y = 0: 0=2x+b0 = 2x + b, so x=−b2x = -\frac{b}{2}. When bb increases by 4, the new intercept is −b+42=−b2−2-\frac{b+4}{2} = -\frac{b}{2} - 2. The intercept decreases by 2, choice B. Geometrically, raising the line by 4 units with slope 2 means the line reaches the xx-axis 2 units sooner when moving left. Choice A (increases by 4) confuses the xx-intercept with the yy-intercept. Choice C (increases by 2) gets the right size but the wrong direction. Choice D (stays the same) ignores that the intercept depends on bb.

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