SAT Math · Linear functions · medium

The function f is defined by f(x) = kx - 3. If the graph of f is perpendicular to the line y = 1/4x + 2, what is the value of k?

The function ff is defined by f(x)=kx−3f(x) = kx - 3. If the graph of ff is perpendicular to the line y=14x+2y = \dfrac{1}{4}x + 2, what is the value of kk?

Answer and explanation

Answer: D: -4

Perpendicular lines have slopes whose product is −1-1 (negative reciprocals). The line y=14x+2y = \frac{1}{4}x + 2 has slope 14\frac{1}{4}, so k⋅14=−1k \cdot \frac{1}{4} = -1, giving k=−4k = -4, choice D. Choice A (4) flips the fraction but not the sign. Choice B (14\frac{1}{4}) is the same slope, which would make the lines parallel. Choice C (−14-\frac{1}{4}) changes the sign but not the fraction, giving a line that is a reflection and not perpendicular. For perpendicular lines, flip the fraction and change the sign.

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