SAT Math · Nonlinear equations in one variable · medium

For what positive value of k does the equation x² - kx + 9 = 0 have exactly one real solution?

For what positive value of kk does the equation x2−kx+9=0x^2 - kx + 9 = 0 have exactly one real solution?

Answer and explanation

Answer: D: 6

A quadratic has exactly one real solution when its discriminant is zero. For x2−kx+9=0x^2 - kx + 9 = 0 the discriminant is b2−4ac=k2−4(1)(9)=k2−36b^2 - 4ac = k^2 - 4(1)(9) = k^2 - 36. Setting this equal to 0 gives k2=36k^2 = 36, so k=±6k = \pm 6. The question asks for the positive value, so k=6k = 6, choice D. Check: x2−6x+9=(x−3)2x^2 - 6x + 9 = (x-3)^2, which has the single root x=3x = 3. Choice A (9) uses the constant term. Choice B (3) is the root itself rather than kk. Choice C (18) comes from forgetting to take the square root, or from computing 2⋅92 \cdot 9.

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