SAT Math · Nonlinear equations in one variable · medium

For what negative value of k does the equation x² + kx + 16 = 0 have exactly one real solution?

For what negative value of kk does the equation x2+kx+16=0x^2 + kx + 16 = 0 have exactly one real solution?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: -8

A quadratic has exactly one real solution when its discriminant is zero. For x2+kx+16=0x^2 + kx + 16 = 0, the discriminant is k2−4(1)(16)=k2−64k^2 - 4(1)(16) = k^2 - 64. Setting it to zero gives k2=64k^2 = 64, so k=±8k = \pm 8. The question asks for the negative value, so k=−8k = -8, choice A. Check: x2−8x+16=(x−4)2x^2 - 8x + 16 = (x-4)^2. Choice B (8) is the positive value, which also works but is not what was requested. Choice C (16) is the constant term. Choice D (−16-16) comes from forgetting to take the square root, or from computing −4×4-4 \times 4.

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