ACT Math · Polynomial and rational functions

A function is given by f(x) = (x-5)(x+2)(x-1). What is the sum of the zeros of f?

A function is given by f(x)=(x−5)(x+2)(x−1)f(x) = (x-5)(x+2)(x-1). What is the sum of the zeros of ff?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: 4

The zeros of a factored polynomial are the values that make each factor equal zero: x−5=0x-5=0 gives 55, x+2=0x+2=0 gives −2-2, and x−1=0x-1=0 gives 11. Their sum is 5+(−2)+1=45+(-2)+1=4, choice A. Vieta's formulas agree: for a cubic x3+bx2+⋯x^3+bx^2+\cdots the roots sum to −b-b, and expanding gives x3−4x2−⋯x^3-4x^2-\cdots, so the sum is 44. Choice B (−4-4) is the coefficient of x2x^2, not the opposite of it. Choice C (88) adds the absolute values of the roots. Choice D (−6-6) is not derived from the zeros.

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