ACT Math · Polynomial and rational functions

Which is the complete factorization of 9x² - 25?

Which is the complete factorization of 9x2−259x^2 - 25?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: (3x-5)(3x+5)

The expression 9x2−259x^2-25 is a difference of squares: (3x)2−52=(3x−5)(3x+5)(3x)^2-5^2=(3x-5)(3x+5), choice A. Check by multiplying: (3x−5)(3x+5)=9x2+15x−15x−25=9x2−25(3x-5)(3x+5)=9x^2+15x-15x-25=9x^2-25. Choice C, (3x−5)2(3x-5)^2, expands to 9x2−30x+259x^2-30x+25, which has a middle term and a positive constant. Choice B expands to 9x2−16x−259x^2-16x-25. Choice D expands to 9x2+40x−259x^2+40x-25. Only choice A produces the original expression with no middle term, because the cross terms cancel in a difference of squares. The factored form is correct only if multiplying it out gives back the original expression exactly.

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