SAT Math · Equivalent expressions · hard

For x ≠ 2 and x ≠ -2, which expression is equivalent to (x^4 - 16)/(x² - 4)?

For x≠2x \neq 2 and x≠−2x \neq -2, which expression is equivalent to x4−16x2−4\dfrac{x^4 - 16}{x^2 - 4}?

Answer and explanation

Answer: A: x²+4

Factor the numerator as a difference of squares twice: x4−16=(x2−4)(x2+4)x^4 - 16 = (x^2 - 4)(x^2 + 4). The denominator is x2−4x^2 - 4, so the common factor cancels (valid since x≠±2x \neq \pm 2), leaving x2+4x^2 + 4, choice A. Choice B (x2−4x^2 - 4) keeps the wrong factor. Choice C (x2+16x^2 + 16) comes from dividing only the first term of the numerator by the denominator's first term and ignoring the rest. Choice D (x+4x + 4) takes the square root of the terms, which is not a legitimate step. Only common factors can be canceled.

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