SAT Math · Nonlinear equations in one variable · medium

What value of x satisfies 4^x-1 = 8^x+2?

What value of xx satisfies 4x−1=8x+24^{x-1} = 8^{x+2}?

Answer and explanation

Answer: C: -8

Rewrite both sides with base 2: 4=224 = 2^2 and 8=238 = 2^3, so 22(x−1)=23(x+2)2^{2(x-1)} = 2^{3(x+2)}. Equal bases mean equal exponents: 2x−2=3x+62x - 2 = 3x + 6. Subtract 2x2x and 6: −8=x-8 = x, choice C. Check: 4−9=2−184^{-9} = 2^{-18} and 8−6=2−188^{-6} = 2^{-18}. Choices A (−1-1), B (1), and D (2) fail the check: for x=1x = 1, 40=14^0 = 1 but 83=5128^3 = 512. Typical errors are forgetting to distribute the 2 and 3 across the parentheses or moving the constants with the wrong sign.

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