SAT Math · Nonlinear equations in one variable · medium

What is the solution to x+2/x-3 = 5/x-3?

What is the solution to x+2x−3=5x−3\dfrac{x+2}{x-3} = \dfrac{5}{x-3}?

Answer and explanation

Answer: D: No solution

Both fractions share the denominator x−3x - 3, so multiply through by it: x+2=5x + 2 = 5, giving x=3x = 3. But x=3x = 3 makes the denominator x−3x - 3 equal to zero in the original equation, so the expression is undefined and the value is extraneous. With no valid candidate left, there is no solution, choice D. Choice A (x=3x = 3) is the extraneous value that should be rejected. Choice B (x=5x = 5) copies the right-hand numerator. Choice C (x=−2x = -2) comes from setting the numerator x+2x + 2 equal to zero. Always check for excluded values after clearing denominators.

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