ACT Math · Function notation and transformations

Is f(x) = x³ - 4x even, odd, or neither?

Is f(x)=x3−4xf(x) = x^3 - 4x even, odd, or neither?

Answer and explanation

Answer: D: Odd

A function is odd when f(−x)=−f(x)f(-x)=-f(x). Here f(−x)=(−x)3−4(−x)=−x3+4x=−(x3−4x)=−f(x)f(-x)=(-x)^3-4(-x)=-x^3+4x=-(x^3-4x)=-f(x), so ff is odd, choice D. Both terms have odd powers of xx, and every term in an odd function must have an odd power. Choice A (even) would need f(−x)=f(x)f(-x)=f(x), which fails: f(1)=−3f(1)=-3 but f(−1)=3f(-1)=3. Choice C (neither) applies when the symmetry breaks, for example if a constant term were added. Choice B is wrong because the algebraic test settles the question.

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