A linear function g satisfies g(-3) = 4 and g(1) = 16. What is the value of g(4)?

Find the slope from the two known points: $\frac{16 - 4}{1 - (-3)} = \frac{12}{4} = 3$. From $x = 1$ to $x = 4$ the input increases by 3, so the output increases by $3 \times 3 = 9$. Therefore $g(4) = 16 + 9 = 25$, choice C. Choice A (28) uses the wrong change in $x$, such as $16 + 3 \times 4$. Choice B (19) adds the slope once, $16 + 3$, without multiplying by the change in $x$. Choice D (22) adds 6, which uses a change in $x$ of 2. Always multiply the slope by the full change in $x$.