SAT Math · Linear inequalities in one or two variables · hard

For x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 satisfying x + 3y ≤ 15 and 2x + y ≤ 10, what is the greatest possible value of 3x + 5y?

For x≥0x \geq 0 and y≥0y \geq 0 satisfying x+3y≤15x + 3y \leq 15 and 2x+y≤102x + y \leq 10, what is the greatest possible value of 3x+5y3x + 5y?

Answer and explanation

Answer: B: 29

The maximum of a linear expression over a feasible region occurs at a vertex. The constraints x≥0x \geq 0, y≥0y \geq 0, x+3y≤15x + 3y \leq 15, and 2x+y≤102x + y \leq 10 give vertices (0,0)(0,0), (5,0)(5,0), (0,5)(0,5), and the intersection of the two lines. Solving x+3y=15x + 3y = 15 and 2x+y=102x + y = 10: from the second, y=10−2xy = 10 - 2x, so x+30−6x=15x + 30 - 6x = 15, giving x=3x = 3, y=4y = 4. Evaluate 3x+5y3x + 5y: 0, 15, 25, and 9+20=299 + 20 = 29. The maximum is 29, choice B. Choice A (25) ignores the interior vertex, choice C (15) uses only the xx-intercept, and choice D (35) is not attainable.

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